confounding

英 [kənˈfaʊndɪŋ]

美 [kənˈfaʊndɪŋ]

v.  使困惑惊讶; 使惊疑; 证明…有错; 击败，战胜(敌人)
confound的现在分词

现在分词：confounding　

BNC.44060 / COCA.24140

柯林斯词典

• VERB 使困惑;使惊讶
  If someone or somethingconfoundsyou, they make you feel surprised or confused, often by showing you that your opinions or expectations of them were wrong.
  1. He momentarily confounded his critics by his cool handling of the hostage crisis...
     他对人质危机的冷静处理一时让批评者们惊讶不已。
  2. The choice of Governor may confound us all.
     州长的选择可能会让我们所有人感到困惑。

英英释义

adj

• that confounds or contradicts or confuses
  Synonym:contradictory

双语例句

• Their statistical models attempted to correct for potential confounding variables, such as the fact that an economic downturn and financial uncertainty may increase mortality rates regardless of whether there is a banking crisis.
  他们的统计模型试图校正潜在的混淆性变量，例如，无论是否存在银行业危机，经济衰退和金融不确定性都可能导致死亡率上升。
• The findings are subject to selection bias and confounding, which will have been minimised but not eliminated by propensity score matching.
  该发现是受选择偏倚和混杂设计的影响，这些可以通过倾向评分匹配最大限度的降低但不能消除。
• For one small group of investors, this return to normal places them in a new, confounding position.
  对一小部分投资者来说，情况恢复正常让他们陷入了另一种惶恐状态。
• Limitations of this study include possible unmeasured confounding and lack of data concerning cryptorchidism, which is another potential cause of infertility and testicular cancer.
  这项研究的限制包括可能未评量的干扰因素，以及缺乏有关隐睾症相关的数据，这是另一个造成不孕症与睾丸癌的潜在原因。
• Analyses were adjusted for confounding variables using logistic regression.
  使用逻辑回归调整了混杂变量分析。
• Although statistical modeling could control for these measured baseline differences, the potential for confounding by unmeasured variables existed.
  虽然应用统计模型能控制这些基线评估上的差异，但仍然存在一些无法测定的变量导致潜在的混杂。
• Although study limitations included observational design, the authors thought it unlikely that confounding by indication could explain the findings.
  虽然研究的局限性包括观察性设计，作者仍认为用这些迹象的混淆来解释这些发现是不可能的。
• But the validity of such studies was questionable because of confounding factors, including smoking, which contributes to both periodontal disease and cancer.
  不过这类研究的可信性是令人质疑的，因为存在着混杂因素，其中包括吸烟，牙周疾病和癌症都能由吸烟导致。
• A meta-regression analysis is observational in nature and may suffer from confounding bias.
  多元回归分析是观察性的，可能存在混淆偏倚的可能。
• That makes the lethality of white-nose syndrome that much more confounding.
  这就让白鼻综合症的致命性越发令人不解。